Monday, 30 September 2013

Web Scraper Shortcode WordPress Plugin Review

This short post is on the WP-plugin called Web Scraper Shortcode, that enables one to retrieve a portion of a web page or a whole page and insert it directly into a post. This plugin might be used for getting fresh data or images from web pages for your WordPress driven page without even visiting it. More scraping plugins and sowtware you can find in here.

To install it in WordPress go to Plugins -> Add New.
Usage

The plugin scrapes the page content and applies parameters to this scraped page if specified. To use the plugin just insert the

[web-scraper ]

shortcode into the HTML view of the WordPress page where you want to display the excerpts of a page or the whole page. The parameters are as follows:

    url (self explanatory)
    element – the dom navigation element notation, similar to XPath.
    limit – the maximum number of elements to be scraped and inserted if the element notation points to several of them (like elements of the same class).

The use of the plugin is of the dom (Data Object Model) notation, where consecutive dom nodes are stated like node1.node2; for example: element = ‘div.img’. The specific element scrape goes thru ‘#notation’. Example: if you want to scrape several ‘div’ elements of the class ‘red’ (<div class=’red’>…<div>), you need to specify the element attribute this way: element = ‘div#red’.
How to find DOM notation?

But for inexperienced users, how is it possible to find the dom notation of the desired element(s) from the web page? Web Developer Tools are a handy means for this. I would refer you to this paragraph on how to invoke Web Developer Tools in the browser (Google Chrome) and select a single page element to inspect it. As you select it with the ‘loupe’ tool, on the bottom line you’ll see the blue box with the element’s dom notation:


The plugin content

As one who works with web scraping, I was curious about  the means that the plugin uses for scraping. As I looked at the plugin code, it turned out that the plugin acquires a web page through ‘simple_html_dom‘ class:

    require_once(‘simple_html_dom.php’);
    $html = file_get_html($url);
    then the code performs iterations over the designated elements with the set limit

Pitfalls

    Be careful if you put two or more [web-scraper] shortcodes on your website, since downloading other pages will drastically slow the page load speed. Even if you want only a small element, the PHP engine first loads the whole page and then iterates over its elements.
    You need to remember that many pictures on the web are indicated by shortened URLs. So when such an image gets extracted it might be visible to you in this way: , since the URL is shortened and the plugin does not take note of  its base URL.
    The error “Fatal error: Call to a member function find() on a non-object …” will occur if you put this shortcode in a text-overloaded post.

Summary

I’d recommend using this plugin for short posts to be added with other posts’ elements. The use of this plugin is limited though.



Source: http://extract-web-data.com/web-scraper-shortcode-wordpress-plugin-review/

Friday, 27 September 2013

Visual Web Ripper: Using External Input Data Sources

Sometimes it is necessary to use external data sources to provide parameters for the scraping process. For example, you have a database with a bunch of ASINs and you need to scrape all product information for each one of them. As far as Visual Web Ripper is concerned, an input data source can be used to provide a list of input values to a data extraction project. A data extraction project will be run once for each row of input values.

An input data source is normally used in one of these scenarios:

    To provide a list of input values for a web form
    To provide a list of start URLs
    To provide input values for Fixed Value elements
    To provide input values for scripts

Visual Web Ripper supports the following input data sources:

    SQL Server Database
    MySQL Database
    OleDB Database
    CSV File
    Script (A script can be used to provide data from almost any data source)

To see it in action you can download a sample project that uses an input CSV file with Amazon ASIN codes to generate Amazon start URLs and extract some product data. Place both the project file and the input CSV file in the default Visual Web Ripper project folder (My Documents\Visual Web Ripper\Projects).

For further information please look at the manual topic, explaining how to use an input data source to generate start URLs.


Source: http://extract-web-data.com/visual-web-ripper-using-external-input-data-sources/

Thursday, 26 September 2013

Scraping Amazon.com with Screen Scraper

Let’s look how to use Screen Scraper for scraping Amazon products having a list of asins in external database.

Screen Scraper is designed to be interoperable with all sorts of databases and web-languages. There is even a data-manager that allows one to make a connection to a database (MySQL, Amazon RDS, MS SQL, MariaDB, PostgreSQL, etc), and then the scripting in screen-scraper is agnostic to the type of database.

Let’s go through a sample scrape project you can see it at work. I don’t know how well you know Screen Scraper, but I assume you have it installed, and a MySQL database you can use. You need to:

    Make sure screen-scraper is not running as workbench or server
    Put the Amazon (Scraping Session).sss file in the “screen-scraper enterprise edition/import” directory.
    Put the mysql-connector-java-5.1.22-bin.jar file in the “screen-scraper enterprise edition/lib/ext” directory.
    Create a MySQL database for the scrape to use, and import the amazon.sql file.
    Put the amazon.db.config file in the “screen-scraper enterprise edition/input” directory and edit it to contain proper settings to connect to your database.
    Start the screen scraper workbench

Since this is a very simple scrape, you just want to run it in the workbench (most of the time you want to run scrapes in server mode). Start the workbench, and you will see the Amazon scrape in there, and you can just click the “play” button.

Note that a breakpoint comes up for each item. It would be easy to save the scraped details to a database table or file if you want. Also see in the database the “id_status” changes as each item is scraped.

When the scrape is run, it looks in the database for products marked “not scraped”, so when you want to re-run the scrapes, you need to:

UPDATE asin
SET `id_status` = 0

Have a nice scraping! ))

P.S. We thank Jason Bellows from Ekiwi, LLC for such a great tutorial.


Source: http://extract-web-data.com/scraping-amazon-com-with-screen-scraper/

Using External Input Data in Off-the-shelf Web Scrapers

There is a question I’ve wanted to shed some light upon for a long time already: “What if I need to scrape several URL’s based on data in some external database?“.

For example, recently one of our visitors asked a very good question (thanks, Ed):

    “I have a large list of amazon.com asin. I would like to scrape 10 or so fields for each asin. Is there any web scraping software available that can read each asin from a database and form the destination url to be scraped like http://www.amazon.com/gp/product/{asin} and scrape the data?”

This question impelled me to investigate this matter. I contacted several web scraper developers, and they kindly provided me with detailed answers that allowed me to bring the following summary to your attention:
Visual Web Ripper

An input data source can be used to provide a list of input values to a data extraction project. A data extraction project will be run once for each row of input values. You can find the additional information here.
Web Content Extractor

You can use the -at”filename” command line option to add new URLs from TXT or CSV file:

    WCExtractor.exe projectfile -at”filename” -s

projectfile: the file name of the project (*.wcepr) to open.
filename – the file name of the CSV or TXT file that contains URLs separated by newlines.
-s – starts the extraction process

You can find some options and examples here.
Mozenda

Since Mozenda is cloud-based, the external data needs to be loaded up into the user’s Mozenda account. That data can then be easily used as part of the data extracting process. You can construct URLs, search for strings that match your inputs, or carry through several data fields from an input collection and add data to it as part of your output. The easiest way to get input data from an external source is to use the API to populate data into a Mozenda collection (in the user’s account). You can also input data in the Mozenda web console by importing a .csv file or importing one through our agent building tool.

Once the data is loaded into the cloud, you simply initiate building a Mozenda web agent and refer to that Data list. By using the Load page action and the variable from the inputs, you can construct a URL like http://www.amazon.com/gp/product/%asin%.
Helium Scraper

Here is a video showing how to do this with Helium Scraper:


The video shows how to use the input data as URLs and as search terms. There are many other ways you could use this data, way too many to fit in a video. Also, if you know SQL, you could run a query to get the data directly from an external MS Access database like
SELECT * FROM [MyTable] IN "C:\MyDatabase.mdb"

Note that the database needs to be a “.mdb” file.
WebSundew Data Extractor
Basically this allows using input data from external data sources. This may be CSV, Excel file or a Database (MySQL, MSSQL, etc). Here you can see how to do this in the case of an external file, but you can do it with a database in a similar way (you just need to write an SQL script that returns the necessary data).
In addition to passing URLs from the external sources you can pass other input parameters as well (input fields, for example).
Screen Scraper

Screen Scraper is really designed to be interoperable with all sorts of databases. We have composed a separate article where you can find a tutorial and a sample project about scraping Amazon products based on a list of their ASINs.


Source: http://extract-web-data.com/using-external-input-data-in-off-the-shelf-web-scrapers/

Tuesday, 24 September 2013

Selenium IDE and Web Scraping

Selenium is a browser automation framework that includes IDE, Remote Control server and bindings of various flavors including Java, .Net, Ruby, Python and other. In this post we touch on the basic structure of the framework and its application to  Web Scraping.
What is Selenium IDE


Selenium IDE is an integrated development environment for Selenium scripts. It is implemented as a Firefox plugin, and it allows recording browsers’ interactions in order to edit them. This works well for software tests, composing and debugging. The Selenium Remote Control is a server specific for a particular environment; it causes custom scripts to be implemented for controlled browsers. Selenium deploys on Windows, Linux, and iOS. How various Selenium components are supported with major browsers read here.
What does Selenium do and Web Scraping

Basically Selenium automates browsers. This ability is no doubt to be applied to web scraping. Since browsers (and Selenium) support JavaScript, jQuery and other methods working with dynamic content why not use this mix for benefit in web scraping, rather than to try to catch Ajax events with plain code? The second reason for this kind of scrape automation is browser-fasion data access (though today this is emulated with most libraries).

Yes, Selenium works to automate browsers, but how to control Selenium from a custom script to automate a browser for web scraping? There are Selenium PHP and other language libraries (bindings) providing for scripts to call and use Selenium. It is possible to write Selenium clients (using the libraries) in almost any language we prefer, for example Perl, Python, Java, PHP etc. Those libraries (API), along with a server, the Java written server that invokes browsers for actions, constitute the Selenum RC (Remote Control). Remote Control automatically loads the Selenium Core into the browser to control it. For more details in Selenium components refer to here.


A tough scrape task for programmer

“…cURL is good, but it is very basic.  I need to handle everything manually; I am creating HTTP requests by hand.
This gets difficult – I need to do a lot of work to make sure that the requests that I send are exactly the same as the requests that a browser would
send, both for my sake and for the website’s sake. (For my sake
because I want to get the right data, and for the website’s sake
because I don’t want to cause error messages or other problems on their site because I sent a bad request that messed with their web application).  And if there is any important javascript, I need to imitate it with PHP.
It would be a great benefit to me to be able to control a browser like Firefox with my code. It would solve all my problems regarding the emulation of a real browser…
it seems that Selenium will allow me to do this…” -Ryan S

Yes, that’s what we will consider below.
Scrape with Selenium

In order to create scripts that interact with the Selenium Server (Selenium RC, Selenium Remote Webdriver) or create local Selenium WebDriver script, there is the need to make use of language-specific client drivers (also called Formatters, they are included in the selenium-ide-1.10.0.xpi package). The Selenium servers, drivers and bindings are available at Selenium download page.
The basic recipe for scrape with Selenium:

    Use Chrome or Firefox browsers
    Get Firebug or Chrome Dev Tools (Cntl+Shift+I) in action.
    Install requirements (Remote control or WebDriver, libraries and other)
    Selenium IDE : Record a ‘test’ run thru a site, adding some assertions.
    Export as a Python (other language) script.
    Edit it (loops, data extraction, db input/output)
    Run script for the Remote Control

The short intro Slides for the scraping of tough websites with Python & Selenium are here (as Google Docs slides) and here (Slide Share).
Selenium components for Firefox installation guide

For how to install the Selenium IDE to Firefox see  here starting at slide 21. The Selenium Core and Remote Control installation instructions are there too.
Extracting for dynamic content using jQuery/JavaScript with Selenium

One programmer is doing a similar thing …

1. launch a selenium RC (remote control) server
2. load a page
3. inject the jQuery script
4. select the interested contents using jQuery/JavaScript
5. send back to the PHP client using JSON.

He particularly finds it quite easy and convenient to use jQuery for
screen scraping, rather than using PHP/XPath.
Conclusion

The Selenium IDE is the popular tool for browser automation, mostly for its software testing application, yet also in that Web Scraping techniques for tough dynamic websites may be implemented with IDE along with the Selenium Remote Control server. These are the basic steps for it:

    Record the ‘test‘ browser behavior in IDE and export it as the custom programming language script
    Formatted language script runs on the Remote Control server that forces browser to send HTTP requests and then script catches the Ajax powered responses to extract content.

Selenium based Web Scraping is an easy task for small scale projects, but it consumes a lot of memory resources, since for each request it will launch a new browser instance.



Source: http://extract-web-data.com/selenium-ide-and-web-scraping/

Monday, 23 September 2013

Usefulness of Web Scraping Services

For any business or organization, surveys and market research play important roles in the strategic decision-making process. Data extraction and web scraping techniques are important tools that find relevant data and information for your personal or business use. Many companies employ people to copy-paste data manually from the web pages. This process is very reliable but very costly as it results to time wastage and effort. This is so because the data collected is less compared to the resources spent and time taken to gather such data.

Nowadays, various data mining companies have developed effective web scraping techniques that can crawl over thousands of websites and their pages to harvest particular information. The information extracted is then stored into a CSV file, database, XML file, or any other source with the required format. After the data has been collected and stored, data mining process can be used to extract the hidden patterns and trends contained in the data. By understanding the correlations and patterns in the data; policies can be formulated and thereby aiding the decision-making process. The information can also be stored for future reference.

The following are some of the common examples of data extraction process:

• Scrap through a government portal in order to extract the names of the citizens who are reliable for a given survey.
• Scraping competitor websites for feature data and product pricing
• Using web scraping to download videos and images for stock photography site or for website design

Automated Data Collection
It is important to note that web scraping process allows a company to monitor the website data changes over a given time frame. It also collects the data on a routine basis regularly. Automated data collection techniques are quite important as they help companies to discover customer trends and market trends. By determining market trends, it is possible to understand the customer behavior and predict the likelihood of how the data will change.

The following are some of the examples of the automated data collection:

• Monitoring price information for the particular stocks on hourly basis
• Collecting mortgage rates from the various financial institutions on the daily basis
• Checking on weather reports on regular basis as required

By using web scraping services it is possible to extract any data that is related to your business. The data can then be downloaded into a spreadsheet or a database for it to be analyzed and compared. Storing the data in a database or in a required format makes it easier for interpretation and understanding of the correlations and for identification of the hidden patterns.

Through web scraping it is possible to get quicker and accurate results and thus saving many resources in terms of money and time. With data extraction services, it is possible to fetch information about pricing, mailing, database, profile data, and competitors data on a consistent basis. With the emergence of professional data mining companies outsourcing your services will greatly reduce your costs and at the same time you are assured of high quality services.




Source: http://ezinearticles.com/?Usefulness-of-Web-Scraping-Services&id=7181014

Basics of Web Data Mining and Challenges in Web Data Mining Process

Today World Wide Web is flooded with billions of static and dynamic web pages created with programming languages such as HTML, PHP and ASP. Web is great source of information offering a lush playground for data mining. Since the data stored on web is in various formats and are dynamic in nature, it's a significant challenge to search, process and present the unstructured information available on the web.

Complexity of a Web page far exceeds the complexity of any conventional text document. Web pages on the internet lack uniformity and standardization while traditional books and text documents are much simpler in their consistency. Further, search engines with their limited capacity can not index all the web pages which makes data mining extremely inefficient.

Moreover, Internet is a highly dynamic knowledge resource and grows at a rapid pace. Sports, News, Finance and Corporate sites update their websites on hourly or daily basis. Today Web reaches to millions of users having different profiles, interests and usage purposes. Every one of these requires good information but don't know how to retrieve relevant data efficiently and with least efforts.

It is important to note that only a small section of the web possesses really useful information. There are three usual methods that a user adopts when accessing information stored on the internet:

• Random surfing i.e. following large numbers of hyperlinks available on the web page.
• Query based search on Search Engines - use Google or Yahoo to find relevant documents (entering specific keywords queries of interest in search box)
• Deep query searches i.e. fetching searchable database from eBay.com's product search engines or Business.com's service directory, etc.

To use the web as an effective resource and knowledge discovery researchers have developed efficient data mining techniques to extract relevant data easily, smoothly and cost-effectively.




Source: http://ezinearticles.com/?Basics-of-Web-Data-Mining-and-Challenges-in-Web-Data-Mining-Process&id=4937441

Friday, 20 September 2013

What You Should Know About Data Mining

Often called data or knowledge discovery, data mining is the process of analyzing data from various perspectives and summarizing it into useful information to help beef up revenue or cut costs. Data mining software is among the many analytical tools used to analyze data. It allows categorizing of data and shows a summary of the relationships identified. From a technical perspective, it is finding patterns or correlations among fields in large relational databases. Find out how data mining works and its innovations, what technological infrastructures are needed, and what tools like phone number validation can do.

Data mining may be a relatively new term, but it uses old technology. For instance, companies have made use of computers to sift through supermarket scanner data - volumes of them - and analyze years' worth of market research. These kinds of analyses help define the frequency of customer shopping, how many items are usually bought, and other information that will help the establishment increase revenue. These days, however, what makes this easy and more cost-effective are disk storage, statistical software, and computer processing power.

Data mining is mainly used by companies who want to maintain a strong customer focus, whether they're engaged in retail, finance, marketing, or communications. It enables companies to determine the different relationships among varying factors, including staffing, pricing, product positioning, market competition, and social demographics.

Data mining software, for example, vary in types: statistical, machine learning, and neural networks. It seeks any of the four types of relationships: classes (stored data is used for locating data in predetermined groups), clusters (data are grouped according to logical relationships or consumer preferences), associations (data is mined to identify associations), and sequential patterns (data is mined to estimate behavioral trends and patterns). There are different levels of analysis, including artificial neural networks, genetic algorithms, decision trees, nearest neighbor method, rule induction, and data visualization.

In today's world, data mining applications are available on all size systems from client/server, mainframe, and PC platforms. When it comes to enterprise-wide applications, the size usually ranges from 10 gigabytes to more than 11 terabytes. The two important technological drivers are the size of the database and query complexity. A more powerful system is required with more data being processed and maintained, and with more complex and greater queries.

Programmable XML web services like phone number validation will assist your company in improving the quality of your data needed for data mining. Used to validate phone numbers, a phone number validation service allows you to improve the quality of your contact database by eliminating invalid telephone numbers at the point of entry. Upon verification, phone number and other customer information can work wonders for your business and its constant improvement.




Source: http://ezinearticles.com/?What-You-Should-Know-About-Data-Mining&id=6916646

Effectiveness of Web Data Mining Through Web Research

Web data mining is systematic approach to keyword based and hyperlink based web research for gaining business intelligence. It requires analytical skills to understand hyperlink structure of given website. Hyperlinks possess enormous amount of hidden human annotations that can help automatically understand the authority. If the webmaster provides a hyperlink pointing to another website or web page, this action is perceived as an endorsement to that webpage. Search engines highly focus on such endorsements to define the importance of the page and place them higher in organic search results.

However every hyperlink does not refer to the endorsement since the webmaster may have used it for other purposes, such as navigation or to render paid advertisements. It is important to note that authoritative pages rarely provide informative descriptions. For an instant, Google's homepage may not provide explicit self-description as "Web search engine."

These features of hyperlink systems have forced researchers to evaluate another important webpage category called hubs. A hub is a unique, informative webpage that offers collections of links to authorities. It may have only a few links pointing to other web pages but it links to a collection of prominent sites on a single topic. A hub directly awards authority status on sites that focus on a single topic. Typically, a quality hub points to many quality authorities, and, conversely, a web page that many such hubs link to can be deemed as a superior authority.

Such approach of identifying authoritative pages has resulted in the development of various popularity algorithms such as PageRank. Google uses PageRank algorithm to define authority of each webpage for a relevant search query. By analyzing hyperlink structures and web page content, these search engines can render better-quality search results than term-index engines such as Ask and topic directories such as DMOZ.

For any queries related to Web data mining and Web-based market research email us at info@outsourcingwebresearch.com

Richard Kaith is member of Data extraction services team at Outsourcing Web Research firm - an established BPO company offering effective Data mining, Data extraction and Web research services at affordable rates. For any queries visit us at http://www.outsourcingwebresearch.com




Source: http://ezinearticles.com/?Effectiveness-of-Web-Data-Mining-Through-Web-Research&id=5094403

Wednesday, 18 September 2013

What's Your Excuse For Not Using Data Mining?

In an earlier article I briefly described how data mining and RFM analysis can help marketers be more efficient (read... increased marketing ROI!). These marketing analytics tools can significantly help with all direct marketing efforts (multichannel campaign management efforts using direct mail, email and call center) and some interactive marketing efforts as well. So, why aren't all companies using it today? Well, typically it comes down to a lack of data and/or statistical expertise. Even if you don't have data mining expertise, YOU can benefit from data mining by using a consultant. With that in mind, let's tackle the first problem -- collecting and developing the data that is useful for data mining.

The most important data to collect for data mining include:

oTransaction data - For every sale, you at least need to know the product and the amount and date of the purchase.

oPast campaign response data - For every campaign you've run, you need to identify who responded and who didn't. You may need to use direct and indirect response attribution.

oGeo-demographic data - This is optional, but you may want to append your customer file/database with consumer overlay data from companies like Acxiom.

oLifestyle data - This is also an optional append of indicators of socio-economic lifestyle that are developed by companies like Claritas. All of the above data may or may not exist in the same data source. Some companies have a single holistic view of the customer in a database and some don't. If you don't, you'll have to make sure all data sources that contain customer data have the same customer ID/key. That way, all of the needed data can be brought together for data mining.

How much data do you need for data mining? You'll hear many different answers, but I like to have at least 15,000 customer records to have confidence in my results.

Once you have the data, you need to massage it to get it ready to be "baked" by your data mining application. Some data mining applications will automatically do this for you. It's like a bread machine where you put in all the ingredients -- they automatically get mixed, the bread rises, bakes, and is ready for consumption! Some notable companies that do this include KXEN, SAS, and SPSS. Even if you take the automated approach, it's helpful to understand what kinds of things are done to the data prior to model building.

Preparation includes:

oMissing data analysis. What fields have missing values? Should you fill in the missing values? If so, what values do you use? Should the field be used at all?

oOutlier detection. Is "33 children in a household" extreme? Probably - and consequently this value should be adjusted to perhaps the average or maximum number of children in your customer's households.

oTransformations and standardizations. When various fields have vastly different ranges (e.g., number of children per household and income), it's often helpful to standardize or normalize your data to get better results. It's also useful to transform data to get better predictive relationships. For instance, it's common to transform monetary variables by using their natural logs.

oBinning Data. Binning continuous variables is an approach that can help with noisy data. It is also required by some data mining algorithms.

More to come on data mining for marketers in my next article.

Jim Stafford has worked for leading companies in the Marketing Automation space (BI, data mining, campaign management and eMarketing) for over 10 years. He has held roles of Director - Database Marketing Solutions, Pre-Sales Manager, Product Manager, and Solution Architect at companies like Aprimo, Group1 Software, SAS, Siebel, SPSS and Unica. Mr. Stafford has consistently helped sales teams meet or beat established sales targets. He was the principal pre-sales contributor to Siebel's second largest MA sale with General Motors. Jim has had considerable exposure to many verticals including: Financial Services, Hospitality & Entertainment, Automotive, Communications, and Utilities. He is a seasoned expert at discovery and knows key industry trends. Jim has an M.A. Degree in Economics from the University of Maryland and has been a frequent speaker at annual National Center for Database Marketing and Direct Marketing Associations events. Visit [http://www.staffordsbsg.com/] to learn more about Jim and his company's services.




Source: http://ezinearticles.com/?Whats-Your-Excuse-For-Not-Using-Data-Mining?&id=3576029

Importance Of Data Mining In Today's Business World

What is Data Mining? Well, it can be defined as the process of getting hidden information from the piles of databases for analysis purposes. Data Mining is also known as Knowledge Discovery in Databases (KDD). It is nothing but extraction of data from large databases for some specialized work.

Data Mining is largely used in several applications such as understanding consumer research marketing, product analysis, demand and supply analysis, e-commerce, investment trend in stocks & real estates, telecommunications and so on. Data Mining is based on mathematical algorithm and analytical skills to drive the desired results from the huge database collection.

Data Mining has great importance in today's highly competitive business environment. A new concept of Business Intelligence data mining has evolved now, which is widely used by leading corporate houses to stay ahead of their competitors. Business Intelligence (BI) can help in providing latest information and used for competition analysis, market research, economical trends, consume behavior, industry research, geographical information analysis and so on. Business Intelligence Data Mining helps in decision-making.

Data Mining applications are widely used in direct marketing, health industry, e-commerce, customer relationship management (CRM), FMCG industry, telecommunication industry and financial sector. Data mining is available in various forms like text mining, web mining, audio & video data mining, pictorial data mining, relational databases, and social networks data mining.

Data mining, however, is a crucial process and requires lots of time and patience in collecting desired data due to complexity and of the databases. This could also be possible that you need to look for help from outsourcing companies. These outsourcing companies are specialized in extracting or mining the data, filtering it and then keeping them in order for analysis. Data Mining has been used in different context but is being commonly used for business and organizational needs for analytical purposes

Usually data mining requires lots of manual job such as collecting information, assessing data, using internet to look for more details etc. The second option is to make software that will scan the internet to find relevant details and information. Software option could be the best for data mining as this will save tremendous amount of time and labor. Some of the popular data mining software programs available are Connexor Machines, Free Text Software Technologies, Megaputer Text Analyst, SAS Text Miner, LexiQuest, WordStat, Lextek Profiling Engine.

However, this could be possible that you won't get appropriate software which will be suitable for your work or finding the suitable programmer would also be difficult or they may charge hefty amount for their services. Even if you are using the best software, you will still need human help in completion of projects. In that case, outsourcing data mining job will be advisable.

Scott Naxton is a freelance journalist having experience of many years writing articles and news releases on businesses like outsourcing, internet marketing, health and insurance. He is also associated with Outsourcing [http://www.kpoasia.com] and KPO [http://www.kpoasia.com]





Source: http://ezinearticles.com/?Importance-Of-Data-Mining-In-Todays-Business-World&id=281415

Monday, 16 September 2013

Data Loss Due to Damaged Internal Parts of the Hard Drive

Hard drives consist of several internal components that are very delicate and can get damaged at any point of time. Even small jerks may cause irrevocable damage to the drive and therefore to all the data stored in it. Since it is memory of a computer system, one needs to be very careful while shifting the computer from one place to another, as any mishap can prove costly if the it gets damaged. Generally, computer users do not take backup of the entire drive, which means all the important data that is now not accessible might just get lost. Damaged drives need to be handled even more cautiously and given proper treatment for recovery, which is done by Data Recovery Services companies.

Computers often need to be shifted from one work station to another in offices. While doing so, if the CPU falls and gets damaged, then, even the drive too might be in serious trouble as it may be subject to damage of several internal components like spindle motor, platters, etc. This may lead to a non-functional hard drive, resulting in complete non accessibility of data.

Why this happened?

When the drive falls, all the parts within get affected by the impact.
The read-write heads may scratch the platters
The head assembly may break.
The shaft motor could get damaged.
Any of the parts getting damaged has a domino effect and renders the drive non-usable.

How to resolve the problem?

Physical damage of the internal components of the hard drive, requires opening the hard drive to extract data and then saving it on another drive. This problem can be solved by our technicians. They have the knowledge and experience to fix the damaged hard drive completely to extract data from it to save it into another drive. The procedure of Data Recovery from a damaged drive is carried out under the sterilized and safe environment of Clean Room to ensure the safety and integrity of data stored on the hard drive.

Stellar Data Recovery Inc. is a well reputed company that offers world class Data Recovery Services for all kinds of data loss. The company is equipped with Class 100 Clean Room facility where it uses various indigenous techniques to recover data comprehensively in all scenarios of physical data loss. The company feels proud to have over 1,100,000 satisfied customers worldwide and provides recovery of data from all hard drives such as RAID, NAS, SAN, SCSI, etc.

Shaun Pattrik has 6 Years of Experience in the Software Technology field doing research in Stellar Data Recovery Inc. which offers data recovery, data recovery New Jersey, data recovery services and hard drive recovery services.




Source: http://ezinearticles.com/?Data-Loss-Due-to-Damaged-Internal-Parts-of-the-Hard-Drive&id=3554482

Sunday, 15 September 2013

Limitations and Challenges in Effective Web Data Mining

Web data mining and data collection is critical process for many business and market research firms today. Conventional Web data mining techniques involve search engines like Google, Yahoo, AOL, etc and keyword, directory and topic-based searches. Since the Web's existing structure cannot provide high-quality, definite and intelligent information, systematic web data mining may help you get desired business intelligence and relevant data.

Factors that affect the effectiveness of keyword-based searches include:
• Use of general or broad keywords on search engines result in millions of web pages, many of which are totally irrelevant.
• Similar or multi-variant keyword semantics my return ambiguous results. For an instant word panther could be an animal, sports accessory or movie name.
• It is quite possible that you may miss many highly relevant web pages that do not directly include the searched keyword.

The most important factor that prohibits deep web access is the effectiveness of search engine crawlers. Modern search engine crawlers or bot can not access the entire web due to bandwidth limitations. There are thousands of internet databases that can offer high-quality, editor scanned and well-maintained information, but are not accessed by the crawlers.

Almost all search engines have limited options for keyword query combination. For example Google and Yahoo provide option like phrase match or exact match to limit search results. It demands for more efforts and time to get most relevant information. Since human behavior and choices change over time, a web page needs to be updated more frequently to reflect these trends. Also, there is limited space for multi-dimensional web data mining since existing information search rely heavily on keyword-based indices, not the real data.

Above mentioned limitations and challenges have resulted in a quest for efficiently and effectively discover and use Web resources. Send us any of your queries regarding Web Data mining processes to explore the topic in more detail.




Source: http://ezinearticles.com/?Limitations-and-Challenges-in-Effective-Web-Data-Mining&id=5012994

Friday, 13 September 2013

Data Mining Software - Discover Software Modernization

Data mining software is usually an application that one uses and covers mostly with one's knowledge in the discovery of software modernization. Mining data software involves the understanding of the software artifacts that exist and the mining data tools. This process has very close relations with reverse engineering. The knowledge that one gains from studying data software that exists is usually presented in forms of models and by doing these queries one can be in a position to make his personal data mining software. With the knowledge that someone gains it must be applicable and one must also know the mining data tools that are suppose to be used apart from the soft wares. One can be able to know very widely about the mining data tools that are there in mining data software by doing computer science as a course. Computer science covers widely on what are the procedures, steps of mining data software and how can use the mining data tools.

This software is mostly used in making of databases schemes. Making of databases is not as easy as many would think it requires one to have some knowledge about computer engineering and the basic concepts of computers.;This software is mostly used in data crawling because it can be in a position to store data and one can be able to retrieve the data when needed.

The softwares are not that cheap they come in different varieties and it will depend on which information or the database on which one is coming up with.

Data mining software are usually in different levels there is the data level, design level, application level, architectural level, call graph level and program level it will depend on which level one is covering and this come together with mining data tools.

Data software's have increased rapidly through the introduction of computers and ERP definition. Computers hackers have been able to get the softwares at a very low price and this has made data mining to become very easy and quick to use in the shops and supermarkets and also government institutions. One cannot do data crawling without having the basic knowledge about data mining soft wares because soft wares are the programmes that are usually installed into the computer and without the programmes then no data can be processed.

There are a lot of challenges that come with the use of the mining soft ware. One can easily crush the software he is using or the softwares can easily break they are normally sold on CDS one can easily break it or loose it.

High chances of losing the data that someone is coming up with is very high because computers easily crash due to some difficulties that they experience or a virus can easily crush the computer.

Mining software take a very large space and in most of the computers. The reason behind this is because, data crawling use graphics. Graphics usually occupy a lot of space in terms of the size of the local disk. One is suppose to look for a computer that has very good memory. Data crawling is something that needs to be updated each and every time something appears along the way.

Victor C. has many hobbies and interests. As well being a keen blogger and article writer for many sites, he has also recently created a site focusing on data mining tools. The site is constantly being updated.



Source: http://ezinearticles.com/?Data-Mining-Software---Discover-Software-Modernization&id=5054991

Thursday, 12 September 2013

Data Mining Process - Why Outsource Data Mining Service?

Overview of Data Mining and Process:
Data mining is one of the unique techniques for investigating information to extract certain data patterns and decide to outcome of existing requirements. Data mining is widely use in client research, services analysis, market research and so on. It is totally based on mathematical algorithm and analytical skills to drive the desired results from the huge database collection.

Information mining is mostly used by financial analyzer, business and professional organization and also there are many growing area of business that are get maximum advantages of data extract with use of data warehouses in their small to large level of businesses.

Most of functionalities which are used in information collecting process define as under:

* Retrieving Data

* Analyzing Data

* Extracting Data

* Transforming Data

* Loading Data

* Managing Databases

Most of small, medium and large levels of businesses are collect huge amount of data or information for analysis and research to develop business. Such kind of large amount will help and makes it much important whenever information or data required.

Why Outsource Data Online Mining Service?

Outsourcing advantages of data mining services:
o Almost save 60% operating cost
o High quality analysis processes ensuring accuracy levels of almost 99.98%
o Guaranteed risk free outsourcing experience ensured by inflexible information security policies and practices
o Get your project done within a quick turnaround time
o You can measure highly skilled and expertise by taking benefits of Free Trial Program.
o Get the gathered information presented in a simple and easy to access format

Thus, data or information mining is very important part of the web research services and it is most useful process. By outsource data extraction and mining service; you can concentrate on your co relative business and growing fast as you desire.

Outsourcing web research is trusted and well known Internet Market research organization having years of experience in BPO (business process outsourcing) field.

If you want to more information about data mining services and related web research services, then contact us.



Source: http://ezinearticles.com/?Data-Mining-Process---Why-Outsource-Data-Mining-Service?&id=3789102

Tuesday, 10 September 2013

Data Mining Services

You will get all solutions regarding data mining from many companies in India. You can consult a variety of companies for data mining services and considering the variety is beneficial to customers. These companies also offer web research services which will help companies to perform critical business activities.

Very competitive prices for commodities will be the results where there is competition among qualified players in the data mining, data collection services and other computer-based services. Every company willing to cut down their costs regarding outsourcing data mining services and BPO data mining services will benefit from the companies offering data mining services in India. In addition, web research services are being sourced from the companies.

Outsourcing is a great way to reduce costs regarding labor, and companies in India will benefit from companies in India as well as from outside the country. The most famous aspect of outsourcing is data entry. Preference of outsourcing services from offshore countries has been a practice by companies to reduce costs, and therefore, it is not a wonder getting outsource data mining to India.

For companies which are seeking for outsourcing services such as outsource web data extraction, it is good to consider a variety of companies. The comparison will help them get best quality of service and businesses will grow rapidly in regard to the opportunities provided by the outsourcing companies. Outsourcing does not only provide opportunities for companies to reduce costs but to get labor where countries are experiencing shortage.

Outsourcing presents good and fast communication opportunity to companies. People will be communicating at the most convenient time they have to get the job done. The company is able to gather dedicated resources and team to accomplish their purpose. Outsourcing is a good way of getting a good job because the company will look for the best workforce. In addition, the competition for the outsourcing provides a rich ground to get the best providers.

In order to retain the job, providers will need to perform very well. The company will be getting high quality services even in regard to the price they are offering. In fact, it is possible to get people to work on your projects. Companies are able to get work done with the shortest time possible. For instance, where there is a lot of work to be done, companies may post the projects onto the websites and the projects will get people to work on them. The time factor comes in where the company will not have to wait if it wants the projects completed immediately.

Outsourcing has been effective in cutting labor costs because companies will not have to pay the extra amount required to retain employees such as the allowances relating to travels, as well as housing and health. These responsibilities are met by the companies that employ people on a permanent basis. The opportunity presented by the outsourcing of data and services is comfort among many other things because these jobs can be completed at home. This is the reason why the jobs will be preferred more in the future.

To increase business effectiveness, productivity and workflow, you need quality and accurate data entry system. this unrivaled quality is provided by Data extraction services which has excellent track record in providing quality services.



Source: http://ezinearticles.com/?Data-Mining-Services&id=4733707

Why Outsourcing Data Mining Services?

Are huge volumes of raw data waiting to be converted into information that you can use? Your organization's hunt for valuable information ends with valuable data mining, which can help to bring more accuracy and clarity in decision making process.

Nowadays world is information hungry and with Internet offering flexible communication, there is remarkable flow of data. It is significant to make the data available in a readily workable format where it can be of great help to your business. Then filtered data is of considerable use to the organization and efficient this services to increase profits, smooth work flow and ameliorating overall risks.

Data mining is a process that engages sorting through vast amounts of data and seeking out the pertinent information. Most of the instance data mining is conducted by professional, business organizations and financial analysts, although there are many growing fields that are finding the benefits of using in their business.

Data mining is helpful in every decision to make it quick and feasible. The information obtained by it is used for several applications for decision-making relating to direct marketing, e-commerce, customer relationship management, healthcare, scientific tests, telecommunications, financial services and utilities.

Data mining services include:

    Congregation data from websites into excel database
    Searching & collecting contact information from websites
    Using software to extract data from websites
    Extracting and summarizing stories from news sources
    Gathering information about competitors business

In this globalization era, handling your important data is becoming a headache for many business verticals. Then outsourcing is profitable option for your business. Since all projects are customized to suit the exact needs of the customer, huge savings in terms of time, money and infrastructure can be realized.

Advantages of Outsourcing Data Mining Services:

    Skilled and qualified technical staff who are proficient in English
    Improved technology scalability
    Advanced infrastructure resources
    Quick turnaround time
    Cost-effective prices
    Secure Network systems to ensure data safety
    Increased market coverage

Outsourcing will help you to focus on your core business operations and thus improve overall productivity. So data mining outsourcing is become wise choice for business. Outsourcing of this services helps businesses to manage their data effectively, which in turn enable them to achieve higher profits.




Source: http://ezinearticles.com/?Why-Outsourcing-Data-Mining-Services?&id=3066061

Monday, 9 September 2013

Using Charts For Effective Data Mining

The modern world is one where data is gathered voraciously. Modern computers with all their advanced hardware and software are bringing all of this data to our fingertips. In fact one survey says that the amount of data gathered is doubled every year. That is quite some data to understand and analyze. And this means a lot of time, effort and money. That is where advancements in the field of Data Mining have proven to be so useful.

Data mining is basically a process of identifying underlying patters and relationships among sets of data that are not apparent at first glance. It is a method by which large and unorganized amounts of data are analyzed to find underlying connections which might give the analyzer useful insight into the data being analyzed.

It's uses are varied. In marketing it can be used to reach a product to a particular customer. For example, suppose a supermarket while mining through their records notices customers preferring to buy a particular brand of a particular product. The supermarket can then promote that product even further by giving discounts, promotional offers etc. related to that product. A medical researcher analyzing D.N.A strands can and will have to use data mining to find relationships existing among the strands. Apart from bio-informatics, data mining has found applications in several other fields like genetics, pure medicine, engineering, even education.

The Internet is also a domain where mining is used extensively. The world wide web is a minefield of information. This information needs to be sorted, grouped and analyzed. Data Mining is used extensively here. For example one of the most important aspects of the net is search. Everyday several million people search for information over the world wide web. If each search query is to be stored then extensively large amounts of data will be generated. Mining can then be used to analyze all of this data and help return better and more direct search results which lead to better usability of the Internet.

Data mining requires advanced techniques to implement. Statistical models, mathematical algorithms or the more modern machine learning methods may be used to sift through tons and tons of data in order to make sense of it all.

Foremost among these is the method of charting. Here data is plotted in the form of charts and graphs. Data visualization, as it is often referred to is a tried and tested technique of data mining. If visually depicted, data easily reveals relationships that would otherwise be hidden. Bar charts, pie charts, line charts, scatter plots, bubble charts etc. provide simple, easy techniques for data mining.

Thus a clear simple truth emerges. In today's world of heavy load data, mining it is necessary. And charts and graphs are one of the surest methods of doing this. And if current trends are anything to go by the importance of data mining cannot be undermined in any way in the near future.



Source: http://ezinearticles.com/?Using-Charts-For-Effective-Data-Mining&id=2644996

Friday, 6 September 2013

Data Extraction - A Guideline to Use Scrapping Tools Effectively

So many people around the world do not have much knowledge about these scrapping tools. In their views, mining means extracting resources from the earth. In these internet technology days, the new mined resource is data. There are so many data mining software tools are available in the internet to extract specific data from the web. Every company in the world has been dealing with tons of data, managing and converting this data into a useful form is a real hectic work for them. If this right information is not available at the right time a company will lose valuable time to making strategic decisions on this accurate information.

This type of situation will break opportunities in the present competitive market. However, in these situations, the data extraction and data mining tools will help you to take the strategic decisions in right time to reach your goals in this competitive business. There are so many advantages with these tools that you can store customer information in a sequential manner, you can know the operations of your competitors, and also you can figure out your company performance. And it is a critical job to every company to have this information at fingertips when they need this information.

To survive in this competitive business world, this data extraction and data mining are critical in operations of the company. There is a powerful tool called Website scraper used in online digital mining. With this toll, you can filter the data in internet and retrieves the information for specific needs. This scrapping tool is used in various fields and types are numerous. Research, surveillance, and the harvesting of direct marketing leads is just a few ways the website scraper assists professionals in the workplace.

Screen scrapping tool is another tool which useful to extract the data from the web. This is much helpful when you work on the internet to mine data to your local hard disks. It provides a graphical interface allowing you to designate Universal Resource Locator, data elements to be extracted, and scripting logic to traverse pages and work with mined data. You can use this tool as periodical intervals. By using this tool, you can download the database in internet to you spread sheets. The important one in scrapping tools is Data mining software, it will extract the large amount of information from the web, and it will compare that date into a useful format. This tool is used in various sectors of business, especially, for those who are creating leads, budget establishing seeing the competitors charges and analysis the trends in online. With this tool, the information is gathered and immediately uses for your business needs.

Another best scrapping tool is e mailing scrapping tool, this tool crawls the public email addresses from various web sites. You can easily from a large mailing list with this tool. You can use these mailing lists to promote your product through online and proposals sending an offer for related business and many more to do. With this toll, you can find the targeted customers towards your product or potential business parents. This will allows you to expand your business in the online market.

There are so many well established and esteemed organizations are providing these features free of cost as the trial offer to customers. If you want permanent services, you need to pay nominal fees. You can download these services from their valuable web sites also.




Source: http://ezinearticles.com/?Data-Extraction---A-Guideline-to-Use-Scrapping-Tools-Effectively&id=3600918

Thursday, 5 September 2013

Professional Data Entry Services - Ensure Maximum Security for Data

Though a lot of people have concerns about it, professional data entry services can actually ensure maximum security for your data. This is in addition to the quality and cost benefits that outsourcing provides anyway. The precautionary measures for data protection would begin from the time you provide your documents/files for entry to the service provider till completion of the project and delivery of the final output to you. Whether performed onshore or offshore, the security measures are stringent and effective. You only have to make sure you outsource to the right service provider. Making use of the free trials offered by different business process outsourcing companies would help you choose right.

BPO Company Measures for Data Protection and Confidentiality

• Data Remains on Central Servers - The company would ensure that all data remains on the central servers and also that all processing is done only on these servers. No text or images would leave the servers. The company's data entry operators cannot download or print any of this data.

• Original Documents Are Not Circulated - The source files or documents (hard copies) which you give to the service provider is not distributed as such to their staff. This source material is scanned with the help of high speed document scanners. The data would be keyed from scanned images or extracted utilizing text recognition techniques.

• Source Documents Safely Disposed Of - After use, your source documents would be disposed of in a secure manner. Whenever necessary, the BPO company would get assistance from a certified document destruction company. Such measures would keep your sensitive documents from falling into the hands of unauthorized personnel.

• Confidentiality - All staff would be required to sign confidentiality agreements. They would also be apprised of information protection policies that they would have to abide by. In addition, the different projects of various clients would be handled in segregated areas.

• Security Checks - Surprise security checks would be carried out to ensure that there is adherence to data security requirements when performing data entry services.

• IT Security - All computers used for the project would be password protected. These computers would additionally be provided with international quality anti-virus protection and advanced firewalls. The anti-virus software would be updated promptly.

• Backup - Regular backups would be done of information stored in the system. The backup data would be locked away securely.

• Other Measures - Other advanced measures that would be taken for information protection include maintenance of a material and personnel movement register, firewalls and intrusion detection, 24/7 security manning the company's premises, and 256 bit AES encryption.

Take Full Advantage of It

Take advantage of professional data entry services and ensure maximum security for your data. When considering a particular company to outsource to, do ask them about their security measures in addition to their pricing and turnaround.




Source: http://ezinearticles.com/?Professional-Data-Entry-Services---Ensure-Maximum-Security-for-Data&id=6961870

Backtesting & Data Mining

In this article we'll take a look at two related practices that are widely used by traders called Backtesting and Data Mining. These are techniques that are powerful and valuable if we use them correctly, however traders often misuse them. Therefore, we'll also explore two common pitfalls of these techniques, known as the multiple hypothesis problem and overfitting and how to overcome these pitfalls.

Backtesting

Backtesting is just the process of using historical data to test the performance of some trading strategy. Backtesting generally starts with a strategy that we would like to test, for instance buying GBP/USD when it crosses above the 20-day moving average and selling when it crosses below that average. Now we could test that strategy by watching what the market does going forward, but that would take a long time. This is why we use historical data that is already available.

"But wait, wait!" I hear you say. "Couldn't you cheat or at least be biased because you already know what happened in the past?" That's definitely a concern, so a valid backtest will be one in which we aren't familiar with the historical data. We can accomplish this by choosing random time periods or by choosing many different time periods in which to conduct the test.

Now I can hear another group of you saying, "But all that historical data just sitting there waiting to be analyzed is tempting isn't it? Maybe there are profound secrets in that data just waiting for geeks like us to discover it. Would it be so wrong for us to examine that historical data first, to analyze it and see if we can find patterns hidden within it?" This argument is also valid, but it leads us into an area fraught with danger...the world of Data Mining

Data Mining

Data Mining involves searching through data in order to locate patterns and find possible correlations between variables. In the example above involving the 20-day moving average strategy, we just came up with that particular indicator out of the blue, but suppose we had no idea what type of strategy we wanted to test? That's when data mining comes in handy. We could search through our historical data on GBP/USD to see how the price behaved after it crossed many different moving averages. We could check price movements against many other types of indicators as well and see which ones correspond to large price movements.

The subject of data mining can be controversial because as I discussed above it seems a bit like cheating or "looking ahead" in the data. Is data mining a valid scientific technique? On the one hand the scientific method says that we're supposed to make a hypothesis first and then test it against our data, but on the other hand it seems appropriate to do some "exploration" of the data first in order to suggest a hypothesis. So which is right? We can look at the steps in the Scientific Method for a clue to the source of the confusion. The process in general looks like this:

Observation (data) >>> Hypothesis >>> Prediction >>> Experiment (data)

Notice that we can deal with data during both the Observation and Experiment stages. So both views are right. We must use data in order to create a sensible hypothesis, but we also test that hypothesis using data. The trick is simply to make sure that the two sets of data are not the same! We must never test our hypothesis using the same set of data that we used to suggest our hypothesis. In other words, if you use data mining in order to come up with strategy ideas, make sure you use a different set of data to backtest those ideas.

Now we'll turn our attention to the main pitfalls of using data mining and backtesting incorrectly. The general problem is known as "over-optimization" and I prefer to break that problem down into two distinct types. These are the multiple hypothesis problem and overfitting. In a sense they are opposite ways of making the same error. The multiple hypothesis problem involves choosing many simple hypotheses while overfitting involves the creation of one very complex hypothesis.

The Multiple Hypothesis Problem

To see how this problem arises, let's go back to our example where we backtested the 20-day moving average strategy. Let's suppose that we backtest the strategy against ten years of historical market data and lo and behold guess what? The results are not very encouraging. However, being rough and tumble traders as we are, we decide not to give up so easily. What about a ten day moving average? That might work out a little better, so let's backtest it! We run another backtest and we find that the results still aren't stellar, but they're a bit better than the 20-day results. We decide to explore a little and run similar tests with 5-day and 30-day moving averages. Finally it occurs to us that we could actually just test every single moving average up to some point and see how they all perform. So we test the 2-day, 3-day, 4-day, and so on, all the way up to the 50-day moving average.

Now certainly some of these averages will perform poorly and others will perform fairly well, but there will have to be one of them which is the absolute best. For instance we may find that the 32-day moving average turned out to be the best performer during this particular ten year period. Does this mean that there is something special about the 32-day average and that we should be confident that it will perform well in the future? Unfortunately many traders assume this to be the case, and they just stop their analysis at this point, thinking that they've discovered something profound. They have fallen into the "Multiple Hypothesis Problem" pitfall.

The problem is that there is nothing at all unusual or significant about the fact that some average turned out to be the best. After all, we tested almost fifty of them against the same data, so we'd expect to find a few good performers, just by chance. It doesn't mean there's anything special about the particular moving average that "won" in this case. The problem arises because we tested multiple hypotheses until we found one that worked, instead of choosing a single hypothesis and testing it.

Here's a good classic analogy. We could come up with a single hypothesis such as "Scott is great at flipping heads on a coin." From that, we could create a prediction that says, "If the hypothesis is true, Scott will be able to flip 10 heads in a row." Then we can perform a simple experiment to test that hypothesis. If I can flip 10 heads in a row it actually doesn't prove the hypothesis. However if I can't accomplish this feat it definitely disproves the hypothesis. As we do repeated experiments which fail to disprove the hypothesis, then our confidence in its truth grows.

That's the right way to do it. However, what if we had come up with 1,000 hypotheses instead of just the one about me being a good coin flipper? We could make the same hypothesis about 1,000 different people...me, Ed, Cindy, Bill, Sam, etc. Ok, now let's test our multiple hypotheses. We ask all 1000 people to flip a coin. There will probably be about 500 who flip heads. Everyone else can go home. Now we ask those 500 people to flip again, and this time about 250 will flip heads. On the third flip about 125 people flip heads, on the fourth about 63 people are left, and on the fifth flip there are about 32. These 32 people are all pretty amazing aren't they? They've all flipped five heads in a row! If we flip five more times and eliminate half the people each time on average, we will end up with 16, then 8, then 4, then 2 and finally one person left who has flipped ten heads in a row. It's Bill! Bill is a "fantabulous" flipper of coins! Or is he?

Well we really don't know, and that's the point. Bill may have won our contest out of pure chance, or he may very well be the best flipper of heads this side of the Andromeda galaxy. By the same token, we don't know if the 32-day moving average from our example above just performed well in our test by pure chance, or if there is really something special about it. But all we've done so far is to find a hypothesis, namely that the 32-day moving average strategy is profitable (or that Bill is a great coin flipper). We haven't actually tested that hypothesis yet.

So now that we understand that we haven't really discovered anything significant yet about the 32-day moving average or about Bill's ability to flip coins, the natural question to ask is what should we do next? As I mentioned above, many traders never realize that there is a next step required at all. Well, in the case of Bill you'd probably ask, "Aha, but can he flip ten heads in a row again?" In the case of the 32-day moving average, we'd want to test it again, but certainly not against the same data sample that we used to choose that hypothesis. We would choose another ten-year period and see if the strategy worked just as well. We could continue to do this experiment as many times as we wanted until our supply of new ten-year periods ran out. We refer to this as "out of sample testing", and it's the way to avoid this pitfall. There are various methods of such testing, one of which is "cross validation", but we won't get into that much detail here.

Overfitting

Overfitting is really a kind of reversal of the above problem. In the multiple hypothesis example above, we looked at many simple hypotheses and picked the one that performed best in the past. In overfitting we first look at the past and then construct a single complex hypothesis that fits well with what happened. For example if I look at the USD/JPY rate over the past 10 days, I might see that the daily closes did this:

up, up, down, up, up, up, down, down, down, up.

Got it? See the pattern? Yeah, neither do I actually. But if I wanted to use this data to suggest a hypothesis, I might come up with...

My amazing hypothesis:

If the closing price goes up twice in a row then down for one day, or if it goes down for three days in a row we should buy,

but if the closing price goes up three days in a row we should sell,

but if it goes up three days in a row and then down three days in a row we should buy.

Huh? Sounds like a whacky hypothesis right? But if we had used this strategy over the past 10 days, we would have been right on every single trade we made! The "overfitter" uses backtesting and data mining differently than the "multiple hypothesis makers" do. The "overfitter" doesn't come up with 400 different strategies to backtest. No way! The "overfitter" uses data mining tools to figure out just one strategy, no matter how complex, that would have had the best performance over the backtesting period. Will it work in the future?

Not likely, but we could always keep tweaking the model and testing the strategy in different samples (out of sample testing again) to see if our performance improves. When we stop getting performance improvements and the only thing that's rising is the complexity of our model, then we know we've crossed the line into overfitting.



Source: http://ezinearticles.com/?Backtesting-and-Data-Mining&id=341468

Wednesday, 4 September 2013

Data Mining Software - Discover Software Modernization

Data mining software is usually an application that one uses and covers mostly with one's knowledge in the discovery of software modernization. Mining data software involves the understanding of the software artifacts that exist and the mining data tools. This process has very close relations with reverse engineering. The knowledge that one gains from studying data software that exists is usually presented in forms of models and by doing these queries one can be in a position to make his personal data mining software. With the knowledge that someone gains it must be applicable and one must also know the mining data tools that are suppose to be used apart from the soft wares. One can be able to know very widely about the mining data tools that are there in mining data software by doing computer science as a course. Computer science covers widely on what are the procedures, steps of mining data software and how can use the mining data tools.

This software is mostly used in making of databases schemes. Making of databases is not as easy as many would think it requires one to have some knowledge about computer engineering and the basic concepts of computers.;This software is mostly used in data crawling because it can be in a position to store data and one can be able to retrieve the data when needed.

The softwares are not that cheap they come in different varieties and it will depend on which information or the database on which one is coming up with.

Data mining software are usually in different levels there is the data level, design level, application level, architectural level, call graph level and program level it will depend on which level one is covering and this come together with mining data tools.

Data software's have increased rapidly through the introduction of computers and ERP definition. Computers hackers have been able to get the softwares at a very low price and this has made data mining to become very easy and quick to use in the shops and supermarkets and also government institutions. One cannot do data crawling without having the basic knowledge about data mining soft wares because soft wares are the programmes that are usually installed into the computer and without the programmes then no data can be processed.

There are a lot of challenges that come with the use of the mining soft ware. One can easily crush the software he is using or the softwares can easily break they are normally sold on CDS one can easily break it or loose it.

High chances of losing the data that someone is coming up with is very high because computers easily crash due to some difficulties that they experience or a virus can easily crush the computer.

Mining software take a very large space and in most of the computers. The reason behind this is because, data crawling use graphics. Graphics usually occupy a lot of space in terms of the size of the local disk. One is suppose to look for a computer that has very good memory. Data crawling is something that needs to be updated each and every time something appears along the way.



Source: http://ezinearticles.com/?Data-Mining-Software---Discover-Software-Modernization&id=5054991

Tuesday, 3 September 2013

Should I Really Outsource My Data Entry?

What is Data Entry?

Data entry is the process of entering in various forms of data into an electronic format normally through a computer. As the world continues to advance in technology, more and more businesses are transitioning from the old school way of manual data management to relying on computers to empower these operational needs. Data entry services provide businesses the ability to transfer data from physical paper form into various electronic formats which then can be easily accessed through a computer. Among the different types of data management solutions businesses seek include inventory management, customer database management and sales record management, just to name a few.

Why outsource?

Data entry can be a very tedious and time consuming process. Many businesses today just do not have the time and budget to support such a tedious yet crucial process. Outsourcing your needs will not only save you on the cost of hiring employees internally, it will also help increase productivity. Most outsourcing companies have hundreds of operators and have the capability to run at full production capacity. Most companies just cannot support this if they hired internally. Turn around times can increase by as much as 300% by outsourcing your data entry needs and reduce cost up to 75% of normal domestic salary cost.

What to look for in an outsourcing company?

Probably the biggest concern with outsourcing your internal business processes is the quality of the services provided. When looking for a partner company to outsource to, make sure you choose a company with vast expertise and experience. Ask for previous clients they have worked with and ask for samples. A company that has been in the industry longer will have the resources and experience to provide you with a higher level of quality service.

Another concern of outsourcing is communication. Most outsourcing companies are located abroad in various parts of Asia and in different time zones. Communication problems could arise if you do not choose a company that has a process in place to deal with this. Some things to look out for are the availability of direct phone numbers, instant messaging support, and direct emails.



Source: http://ezinearticles.com/?Should-I-Really-Outsource-My-Data-Entry?&id=2892869

Sunday, 1 September 2013

The Benefits of Data Outsourcing

Data is the foundation of all companies and provides a source for multiplying your company with tremendous leaps and bounds. The benefits of data entry outsourcing are numerous with expansion of methodologies, which provide your business with many other numerous benefits. Data entry is a generalized term, which entails virtual services like data mining, data conversion, image processing, web data entry, data extraction and many others. All of these tasks are very much a stronghold in getting the processes of any company streamlined without wasting time and resources.

If you think about the benefits of data-entry outsourcing, it is necessary for any company to add the need of data entry along with other important resources, which go with this task. It is also important to know the format, which the final version of data is to be utilized. You want to go for data that is available for usage in a cross platform environment.

There are many benefits of outsourcing. In today's society, data-entry services offer peace of mine as well as a sigh of relief for business owners. Here are some benefits which data-entry outsourcing companies can offer your company:

o Your complete data management needs being taken care of. When you outsource your data-entry needs to an outside company, you are going to benefit with having managed and synchronized data. This will ensure that your company will save time. The best thing about outsourcing companies is that some of the managed data can be utilized for repository purposes.

o Time is very critical when dealing with competition. You want to get data in and out of your business in order to reap the maximum possible benefits in the least amount of time. Utilizing an outsourcing company minimizes your time spent while improving the efficiency of your business processes.

o Your sole purpose for utilizing data-entry outsourcing companies should be to receive quality as well as the most quantity for your dollar. Quality cannot be compromised. Quantity also needs to be delivered fast and on time. There is no leeway given when it comes to data entry work. Receiving data-entry work on time with fast turn around allows your business to benefit with the business overhead.

o Outsourcing companies are affordable and what does this mean for your business? This will reduce your business costs while maximizing your profits.



Source: http://ezinearticles.com/?The-Benefits-of-Data-Outsourcing&id=3331295